Fundamentals of Nanomaterials in Energy Systems

Due to their dimensions and physicochemical properties, nanomaterials represent a transformative approach for their application in energy systems as they exhibit remarkable capabilities in energy conversion and storage technologies. In energy generation, for example, they improve light absorption and charge separation, thus increasing the efficiency of energy conversion. In fuel cells, they are used in nanostructured catalysts, where the electrochemical reaction is facilitated, resulting in a higher energy yield and a long service life. In energy storage, they play a crucial role in the development of batteries and supercapacitors due to their storage, charging, and discharging capacity as well as their capacitance. For this reason, this chapter focuses on the application of nanomaterials in energy systems, combining the fundamentals of application technologies to enable efficient energy technologies that enable the transition to an energy future. © 2026 Wiley-VCH GmbH. All rights reserved.