Human beings are dependent on the environment and space. Although this space provides resources, energy, and usability, it also holds a certain risk potential. Risk is understood to be a fundamental aspect of space and dependent on natural and human factors. The investigation of geographic risk explains dangers expressed as a product of the probability, frequency, and amplitude of occurrence of the risk, which can be calculated theoretically for any city in the world. Risk assessment associated with space is used to evaluate disease outbreaks and financial risks, spatially evaluate problems involving environmental risks, spatially predict high-risk contamination, or determine the geographic distribution of perceived risks. The study contributes by identifying the literature on urban form and its relationship with risk reduction. Using different approaches to urban form, the study aims to obtain a reference of the spectrum of risks encountered by cities. Each approach presents multiple risk factors because individuals, communities, and policies interact with spaces in a complex, synergistic, and uncertain manner.
