The Complex Trade Relations between China, Mexico, and the United States: A Geopolitical Approach

China has become one of the engines of the world economy and the principal global player in trade as a supplier and as a market. This fast growth of China is radically changing the global geopolitical ecology of investment, production, and trade (Palat, R. A., Futures 40:721¿734, 2008). In this context, this chapter presents some reflections on the influence of geopolitical factors in the economic relations between China and Mexico. The chapter is divided into four different sections. The first is a literature review about the importance of geopolitics to understanding the reasons behind China¿s actions in the region. Second is an analysis of the dynamics of imports and exports between Mexico and China between 2010 and 2018. Third is an analysis of the possibilities of Chinese FDI in Mexico to balance the trade deficit, considering the role of Mexico as a platform to the US market, and how the Mexican government can rethink its strategy to rebalance the trade deficit. Finally, the conclusion discusses the geopolitical limitations and opportunities for Mexico¿s commercial relationship with China. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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