A multibiometric system based on the fusion of fingerprint, finger-vein, and finger-knuckle-print

abstract

© 2021 Elsevier LtdAuthentication systems play an essential role in our lives today. Human biological, behavioral, and morphological characteristics are usually used in an authentication system in a vast scope of applications ranging from unlocking consumer devices to surveillance and forensic analysis and offered an alternative to credit cards, ID cards, passports, driving licenses, etc. Unibiometric systems, which use a single biometric modality, suffer from some drawbacks such as low protection of user's privacy against attacks. Multibiometric systems, which fuse features of biometric characteristics, can cope with unibiometric systems¿ drawbacks and improve security and recognition accuracy. However, some main questions such as `what is the optimal number of biometric modalities?¿, `how much accuracy do we need for our system?¿, and `how much money do we want to invest for our system?¿ have to be considered and answered before designing and implementing a multibiometric system. Unfortunately, the existing multibiometric systems have not considered and responded to all questions. Furthermore, identification mode for multibiometric systems is a challenging task and almost all of them have focused on verification mode. In this paper, we only consider a finger and employ the maximum possible modalities of the finger, i.e., fingerprint, finger-vein, and finger-knuckle-print, to increase user-friendliness and reducing the cost of implementation of the system. The proposed system only uses three cameras to capture all contactless fingerprint, finger-vein, and finger-knuckle images. Also, we propose an algorithm that makes enable the system to work in identification mode. The experiments on established databases exhibit that our proposed algorithm significantly increases recognition accuracy.