Substantial variations in the optical absorption and reflectivity of graphene when the concentrations of vacancies and doping with fluorine, nitrogen, and oxygen change

© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.We performed ab initio numerical simulations with the density functional theory to investigate the variations in the band structure, optical absorption, and the reflectivity of vacancygraphene doped with nitrogen, oxygen, and fluorine for different densities. We considered the density values 0.78%, 1.02%, 1.39%, 2.00%, 3.12%, 5.55%, and 12.5% for the vacancies and doping. In the infrared and visible ranges for all cases, vacancies included, there is a substantial increment in the absorption and reflectivity concerning graphene. The most significant changes are for fluorine and oxygen at a concentration of 12.5%.