Biomedical Research in Aging

Biomedical research has been instrumental in identifying key molecular and cellular hallmarks that occur throughout the aging process. Notably, these are shared between humans and several other species that have served as models for studying aging in the laboratory. In this chapter, we discuss the current knowledge of the significance and mechanisms of hallmark aging processes, such as the decay of stem cell function, acquisition of genomic stability, DNA damage, telomere attrition, deregulated nutrient sensing, chronic inflammation, cellular senescence, and mitochondrial dysfunction. We further describe current methodological issues, experimental techniques, and best practices for the study of each hallmark across different in vivo and in vitro systems while also highlighting their limitations. Finally, we provide perspectives for improving experimental designs in this exciting and important field of aging biology research. © 2024 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

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