Nanobiosensors for theranostic applications

© 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.The impact of nanotechnology has triggered significant advances in a wide variety of fields, especially medicine. Within the biomedical field, the identification of key compounds involved in different pathologies and the diagnoses of those has become a pivotal activity that has been tremendously benefited from the use of nanobiosensors. These nanostructures, with the potential to identify a wide array of molecules through biological recognition processes, had provided a powerful tool for the rapid and sensitive quantification of pathogens, diseases, drug screening, genetic diseases, among other in vitro diagnostics applications. Therefore, the use of nanomaterials with different compositions, configurations, and morphologies had enabled a faster detection and higher reproducibility. In this chapter, novel examples of the use of different nanobiosensors are given, along with a detailed interpretation of their interactions with different biological targets, with the aim to elucidate the new trends of the field toward a better use of nanomaterials in medicine.