From Earth to Space and Back: The Use of Challengebased Learning to Develop Disciplinary and Transversal Skill Through Space-Related Experiences

abstract

In an era where education is increasingly focused on developing disciplinary knowledge and transversal skills, challenge-based learning (CBL) has emerged as a practical pedagogical approach. CBL immerses students in real-world problems that demand critical, collaborative thinking and creative solutions. This method is even more compelling when applied to space-related challenges, which captivate students' interest and foster diverse skills applicable across disciplines. Here, we report on the experience of higher education students solving spacerelated challenges using CBL. We demonstrate that using spacerelated challenges can improve students' educational outcomes. Space exploration is an attractive context for challenge-based learning because of its inherent complexity and relevance to contemporary scientific and technological issues. When students are presented with space-related challenges, such as designing sustainable habitats for the Moon or Mars, developing technologies for space travel, or addressing environmental concerns related to living conditions on space stations (basic needs of space exploration), they are more likely to become engaged and motivated. This engagement fosters a deeper understanding of scientific principles, from physics and engineering to biology and environmental science. Space-focused CBL encourages the development of essential transversal skills, including critical thinking, which students use to analyze problems and evaluate potential solutions and feasibility, honing their ability to think critically about complex issues. Collaboration through teamwork fosters communication, negotiation, and conflict resolution skills as students share diverse perspectives and work toward common goals; Creativity, because the open-ended nature of space challenges promotes innovative thinking, encouraging students to propose novel solutions and explore unconventional ideas; Adaptability, as space-related challenges often present unforeseen obstacles, requiring students to adapt their strategies and approaches, thereby fostering resilience and flexibility. Students develop global awareness and social responsibility, understanding that their work can have far-reaching consequences beyond their immediate environment. By participating in CBL, students build a portfolio of skills and experiences that make them more competitive in the workforce. Integrating CBL through spacerelated experiences offers a unique and practical educational approach. © 2025 IEEE.